谣言止于智者什么意思?

当前,中国人民团结一心,**,正在奋力打好抵抗新冠肺炎疫情的全面战、阻击战。令人振奋的消息不断从抗疫前方传来。At present, the Chinese people ar......

谣言止于智者什么意思

菜根谭:在造谣者的卑劣背后,更藏着听信者的是非不分。一人都有一块烂舌头,乱了朝纲,污蔑了清白,将世俗红尘搅和的黑白不分,一片浑浊,而在世俗的一场又一场谣言闹剧中,更藏着鲜为人知的人......接下来具体说说

如何解释谣言止于智者这句话?

谣言止于智者什么意思?

这句话出自《荀子- 大略》,原句是这样的:“流丸止于瓯臾,流言止于智者。”上下句一对照,这句话就不难理解了。意思就是滚动的球体到了凹陷的地方就会停止,谣言到了聪明人那里就会平息。

历史上有一个比较著名的关于流言的典故,叫做《三人成虎》:战国时期,魏国有个大臣叫做庞葱,有一次,他奉命陪同魏国世子到赵国做人质。临行前,他问魏王:“大王,如果有一个人告诉你,街上有一只老虎,你信吗?”

魏王回答:“不信,光天化日,大街上怎么会有老虎呢?”

他又问魏王:“如果又来一个人告诉你,街上果然有老虎,你信吗?”

魏王答道:“这个就值得考虑一下了。”

他最后又问魏王:“如果又来一个人,也说街上真的有老虎呢?”魏王答道:“如果三个人都那么说的话。那街上就真的有老虎了。”

庞葱听完魏王的回答,非常伤心。就把自己的本意告诉了魏王。果然,在庞葱和世子到达赵国没多久,就有人恶意中伤庞葱和世子。魏王便召回庞葱和世子。庞葱也不在被重用。

在《战国策》中也有一个关于“曾参杀人”的典故,也是讲关于谣言和流言的。

谣言止于智者什么意思?

在过去,交通和信息不发达,大家相信一些流言还情有可原。而如今信息和交通都很发达了。依然还有人相信流言,甚至传播这些流言。

比如说,去年时候,网上有一个视频,在河南某地有一个大货车司机违章,执法者正在执法的时候,视频拍摄者和大货车司机一直高喊执法者打人了。网上很多人都开始攻击执法者,各种各样的谩骂,诅咒的语言都有。后来,执法记录仪中的视频通过公共平台放到网上之后,发现是大货车司机为了逃避处罚,自己用头猛烈撞击货车车头。这个时候,曾经抨击执法者的那些网友却选择了沉默。

谣言止于智者什么意思?

网上还有很多人,京城这么说:某某人有多少多少资产转移到国外;某某职务的人非法占有了多少多少钱;某某人的儿子犯了什么什么事情,还在逍遥法外;等等。当你问他们要证据的时候,他们要么说是听某某人说的,要么是翻墙出去在某某网站上看到的。要么就不予理睬。还有一种就是从一些地摊的小商贩手里买的一些粗制滥造书本上看到的信息等。

我们中国有一句古话:眼见为实,耳听为虚。但是,很多时候就算我们亲眼看到的事情也不一定是真的。更何况一些小道消息呢?

还有一些人,对于国内的一些官方发布的信息不予相信,却相信自己翻墙出去的看到的消息。还有一些自媒体写手,也是直接将墙外的消息搬运回来,不加以分析消化。就发布出去。回头还沾沾自喜,以为自己是聪明人,看到了别人看不到的真相。实际上呢,只不过是自己做了别人的免费的**,而不自知。

谣言止于智者

谣言止于智者什么意思?

当前,中国人民团结一心,**,正在奋力打好抵抗新冠肺炎疫情的全面战、阻击战。令人振奋的消息不断从抗疫前方传来。

At present, the Chinese people are united as one in their resolute fight against the COVID-19. Encouraging news is coming from the front line.

但另一方面,关于新冠病毒来源的谣言也像病毒一样滋生与蔓延。

However, rumors about the origin of the novel coronavirus are going viral in the meantime.

美国参议员汤姆•科顿在疫情发生后不久,就在推特上宣称病毒是从武汉病毒研究所实验室泄露出来的,与中国的生化武器项目有关。在接受福克斯新闻采访时,科顿再次信口雌黄,散布此谣言。

Not long after the outbreak, the U.S. Senator Tom Cotton tweeted that the COVID-19 was leaked from the laboratory of Wuhan Institute of Virology and was related to China's chemical and biological weapons program. In an interview with Fox News, Cotton repeated the rumor.

一些美国媒体迅速捡到了枪,如《华盛顿时报》的通栏标题是:冠状病毒可能来自于中国的生化武器实验室。美国公共广播公司在采访中国驻美大使崔天凯时,还特意提出这个问题。

Some U.S. media sniffed the opportunity. Washington Times published an article titled "Coronavirus may have originated in lab linked to China's biowarfare program." America's National Public Radio (NPR) even specifically raised the question in an interview with Cui Tiankai, Chinese Ambassador to the United States.

何其耸人听闻!科顿的妄言迅速引来专业人士的批评。哈佛大学流行病学和免疫学副教授迈克•米纳反驳“这种论断十分荒谬。”美国罗格斯大学化学生物学教授理查德•埃布莱特说,从病毒的基因组和特性来看,没有任何迹象表明它是一种工程病毒。

How sensational! Cotton's fabrication quickly drew criticism from professionals. "It's a ridiculous assertion," said Dr. Michael Mina, assistant professor of epidemiology and immunology at Harvard University. "Based on the virus genome and properties there is no indication whatsoever that it was an engineered virus," said Richard Ebright, a professor of chemical biology at Rutgers University.

似乎是受到什么启发,印度理工学院研究人员2020年1月31日在生物学论文档案网发表了未经同行评议的论文,声称在COVID-19突刺蛋白中发现了**序列,部分与艾滋病毒的氨基酸相似。文章认为这些**序列是实验室人工变异的结果。

As if inspired by the rumor, on January 31, researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) published a paper (not peer-reviewed) in bioRxiv, claiming to have identified very short "insertions" in the COVID-19 virus' spike protein sequence that had an "uncanny similarity" to the amino acid of HIV. They believed that these insertion sequences were the result of human-made variation in the laboratory.

这篇论文再次受到专业和权威人士的质疑和批评。美国弗雷德•哈钦森癌症研究中心的特雷弗•贝德福德研究员说:“这种结论在很多方面都是错误的。这些序列不是唯一的,不是**的,而是天然的。” 世卫官员迈克尔•瑞恩抨击该论文观点为谣言。由于提供不出任何证据,生物学论文档案网撤回了该论文。

The Indian paper was again questioned and criticized by professionals and authorities. Dr. Trevor Bedford, an evolutionary biologist at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in the U.S., said that the research was "wrong on many levels" and "these same short sequences can be matched in coronaviruses previously found in wild bats and are commonplace in nature." Dr. Michael Ryan, Executive Director, WHO Health Emergencies Program denounced the paper's claims as a rumor. Unable to provide any evidence, bioRxiv retracted the paper.

事已至此,此谣言该寿终正寝了吧?没有!谣言得到了国内的呼应。2月15日,微博上突然流传新冠肺炎的零号病人是武汉病毒所的研究生黄燕玲。一石激起千层浪!

It should have been the time for that rumor to stop. But it did not and was even fueled up in China. On February 15, news came on Weibo, China's Twitter-like service, that the COVID-19 patient zero was Huang Yanling, a graduate student from Wuhan Institute of Virology. Again, it went viral in no time.

对此,黄燕玲的导师危宏平回应:黄燕玲同学2015年7月毕业后一直在外地工作,经与她本人电话确认,黄燕玲同学身体健康,一切安好!

In response, Huang's supervisor Wei Hongping said, "Huang Yanling has been working in another city since her graduation in July 2015. I called her and confirmed that she is in good health and everything is fine."

谣言止于智者什么意思?

然而一波未平,一波又起。2月17日某微博帐号宣称自己是武汉病毒所的研究员陈全娇,要实名举报其所长是泄露新冠病毒的罪魁祸首。这条微博就像炸雷一样投进社交网络,把网友们炸得晕头转向。但很快陈全姣本人就站出来郑重声明,自己从未发布任何举报信息,对身份被冒用表示极大愤慨。经证实,这个微博帐号曾经因多次在新冠病毒问题上散布虚假信息被数次关闭过。

However, related rumors came up one after another. On February 17, a Weibo user who claimed herself to be Chen Quanjiao, a researcher at the Wuhan Institute of Virology, reported to the public that the Director of the Institute was responsible for leaking the novel coronavirus. The Weibo post threw a bomb in the cyberspace and the public was shocked. Soon Chen herself stepped out and declared that she had never released any report information, and expressed great indignation at such identity fraud on Weibo. It has been confirmed that that particular Weibo account had been shut down several times due to the spread of misinformation about COVID-19.

面对汹涌如潮的谣言,2月18日,国际权威医学期刊《柳叶刀》发表一封由全球27位公共卫生专业顶尖科学家联署的声明。声明说,世界各国的科研工作者分析了引发该疾病的新冠病毒全基因组,结果压倒性地证明该病毒和其他新发病原一样来自野生动物。声明谴责关于新冠病毒来源的阴谋论,认为阴谋论除了制造谣言造成恐慌外,别无它用。

Amid raging rumors, The Lancet published a statement on February 18 signed by 27 of the world's leading scientists in public health which says, "We stand together to strongly condemn conspiracy theories suggesting that COVID-19 does not have a natural origin. Scientists from multiple countries have published and analyzed genomes of the causative agent, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and they overwhelmingly conclude that this coronavirus originated in wildlife, as have so many other emerging pathogens... Conspiracy theories do nothing but create fear, rumors..."

2月19日,世卫组织官员在新闻发布会上再次宣布:没有证据表明新冠病毒来自于实验室,也没有证据表明来自于生物武器。

On February 19, the WHO once again announced at a press conference, "there is no evidence it (the virus) was produced in a lab or as a biological weapon."

这是世界上最权威的回应了吧!

This should be regarded the most authoritative response in the world.

但是,为什么在全国人民抗疫最吃劲的时候,针对病毒来源的谣言一波接一波?

But why are there still waves of rumors about the source of the virus at a time when people across China are devoted to combating the outbreak?

美国政客信口雌黄不难理解。为了打压中国,他们颠倒黑白,睁眼说瞎话,已是司空见惯,见怪不怪了。那么,国内网络上一些人对于科顿谣言的呼应则令人费解。

It is not difficult to understand the lies and flip-flops of American politicians in relation to their desire to contain China's rise. The puzzling thing is the response of some Chinese netizens to such rumor.

众所周知,中国曾深受生化武器之害。日军侵华期间,731部队的细菌武器给几代中国人带来了惨绝人寰的疾患和痛苦的记忆。新中国建立后,禁止生化武器是**坚定而一贯的立场。为此,中国在1984年就加入了《禁止生物武器公约》,1997年还以原始缔约国的身份加入《禁止化学武器公约》。中国从来是说话算数的国家,怎么可能去制造生化武器?

As we all know, China was a victim of chemical and biological weapons. During the Japanese invasion of China, the bacteriological weapons of Unit 731 brought terrible disasters and painful memories to several generations of Chinese. Since the founding of the People's Republic, it has been the firm and consistent position of China to support the prohibition of chemical and biological weapons. To this end, China joined the Biological Weapons Convention in 1984 and the Chemical Weapons Convention at its first conference of state parties in 1997. China has always been a country of its word. How is it possible for such a nation to develop chemical and biological weapons?

**战争之后,中国积贫积弱,落后挨打,无数仁人志士的追求就是中华民族不再受欺辱,就是“立于世界民族之林”,就是“中国应当对人类有较大的贡献”。中国虽然还不发达,但一直不忘大国的责任和担当,致力于构建人类命运共同体。这样的中国,怎么可能去制造生化武器?

After the Opium War, China had a history of poverty, backwardness and suffering, bullied by imperialist powers. The pursuit of Chinese people with lofty ideals at that time was that the Chinese nation would be free from bullying, stand with dignity in the international community and make its due contributions to the progress of humankind. Although China is not yet a developed country, it remains committed to the responsibility of a major country in the world and to building a community with a shared future for mankind. How is it possible for such a nation to develop chemical and biological weapons?

中国是一个爱好和平的国家。和平共处五项原则载入了中国宪法,一直是中国外交的基石。习主席说:“中华民族血液中无侵略他人的基因。”“中国人民深知和平之可贵,中国坚定不移走和平发展道路,永远是世界和平的建设者、全球发展的贡献者、国际秩序的维护者。”连美国前国务卿基辛格也说过:“中国不会主动寻找敌人或发动战争。”这样的中国,怎么可能去制造生化武器,害人害己?

China is a peace-loving country. The five principles of peaceful coexistence are enshrined in the Chinese Constitution and have always been the cornerstone of China's foreign policy. President Xi said, "For several millennia, peace has been in the blood of us Chinese and a part of our DNA," "the Chinese people know well the value of peace," "China was committed to peaceful development," and China would "unswervingly take the road of peaceful development and remain a builder of world peace, a contributor to global development and a defender of the international order." Even former U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger noted that China would not seek enemies or wage wars. How is it possible for such a nation to develop chemical and biological weapons to harm others and themselves?

谣言止于智者。这是两千多年前古人的一句成语。作为已进入网络和人工智能时代的今人,我们理应对于这种舶来的谣言,多一点理性思考和科学精神,不信谣,不传谣,让谣言不攻自破,原形毕露。

菜根谭:“谣言止于智者”,可是这世间大多只是乌合之众

菜根谭:在造谣者的卑劣背后,更藏着听信者的是非不分。

人都有一块烂**,乱了朝纲,污蔑了清白,将世俗红尘搅和的黑白不分,一片浑浊,而在世俗的一场又一场谣言闹剧中,更藏着鲜为人知的人性偏见和劣根性。

所有的污蔑背后,除了造谣者的闲言碎语之外,更有着听信者不加思考的相信谣言,所谓“谣言止于智者”,但是在这世俗之中,大部分也不过是乌合之众。

在这个世界上传播最快的事情就是谣言,更令人费解的是,那一些错误不符合客观事实的言论,居然可以在没有任何理性思考的基础上加以传播。

因为人的劣根性,就是在背后热衷于传播别人的闲言碎语,他们没有经过理智思考,不知道其中的黑白对错,就以讹传讹的评价事情的是非曲折,站在所谓的道德制高点,以“谜”一样的优越感,将别人的罪恶行为批判的罪无可恕。

就好像鲁迅笔下的人物阿Q,当阿Q被污蔑之后,别人提起阿Q时总是这样议论:“阿Q总是坏的,他被枪毙就是事实”。

多么可笑的一件事,从来没有人去怀疑这件事情的真伪。

因为对于很多站在道德制高点的“圣人”来说,他们听到的或者是看见的就是真实,于是人生的闲余时间,都用来在其背后“批判众生”,毕竟说话这个东西又不用负责任,既能过了嘴瘾,还能彰显自己的“高尚品格”,这是多么划算的一个事情。

《菜根谭》之中有这样一句话:

毋偏信而为奸所欺,毋自任而为气所使;毋以己之长而形人之短,毋因己之拙而忌人之能。

这句话的意思就是说:不要盲目相信某一方面的言辞,而被那些奸邪的小人所欺骗;也不要自以为绝对正确而被一时的意气所驱使;不要用自己的长处来比较人家的短处,不要因自己的笨拙而嫉妒人家的才能。

而世界最可怕的事情,并不是散播谣言的那一个人,而是未经考察和求证,就轻易相信别人片面之词的众人,有几个人还会想到在听信谣言的那一刻,用理性战胜自己的“圣人优越感”。

在这些热衷于散播谣言的背后,是否有人真正理性的思考过,自己曾经也是“助纣为虐”的一员,当你听信了别人的闲言碎语之后,也在旁边随声附和着说:“那真的是罪无可恕”,这样一种丑陋的嘴脸在你的不经意间上演了多少遍了。

在《乌合之众》这本书中有这样一句话: 群体只会干两件事情:锦上添花和落井下石。

因为群体从来没有想过去刻意求证和理性思考,在这个世界上大部分都是愚昧之人,清醒者只在少数,当一个人未经思考就轻易相信了别人的话,以至于在别人的清白上面又压了一块巨石。

历史上有多少忠臣良将,在奸臣的巧言令色之下,连最起码的思考环节都直接省略,以至于辜负了忠臣良将的忠心。

《世说新语》中有这样一个故事:

孝武帝司马曜,非常信任王国宝和王雅,王雅向孝武帝举荐王珣,孝武帝想见见他。

晚上的时候,孝武帝和王国宝,王雅三人对坐,孝武帝有些醉意,就下令王珣觐见。

王珣快到了的时候,王国宝想到王珣的才华在自己之上,害怕他会夺去自己宠幸,就对孝武帝说:“王珣是当今名流,陛下不该在酒后见他,可以改日再召见一次。”

孝武帝觉得他的话很对,心里认为他很忠诚,就没有召见王珣。

王国宝做出许多大奸大恶之事,就是一个奸险之人的代表,为了自己名声地位而处处用心机,为了巩固自己势力,挖空心思去夺得宠幸,甚至不择手段各种诋毁别人,就连孝武帝面见王珣都被他找借口剥夺了,这样的巧言令色反而让孝武帝更加信任他,相信他的忠心。

人生最可怕的,并不是那些卑鄙小人的存在,而是那一些始终看不清小人嘴脸的愚昧莽夫。

所以人要学会管住自己的耳朵,不该听的话理智的听,更要管住自己的嘴,不该说的话不要说,用自己的理性控制那一刻想做“圣人”的心,才能真正的成为圣人。

文|国学书舍

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